The principles of geostatistics states that, locations of data that are close to each other are similar to their neighbors and as
the distance between the locations increases, the difference between corresponding data also increases which is known as spatial
variability. Therefore this paper measures the spatial variability of soil pH and Fe tested on soil data sets of three talukas of Surat district.
Measures of central tendency have been calculated for the soil samples. Empirical and theoretical variograms are calculated and plotted
in R 3.2.2.by passing variogram parameters like nugget, sill and range. Further three commonly used variogram models for kriging
namely Spherical, Exponential and Gaussian have been fitted for both pH and Fe. The Spherical model was more suitable for pH and
Gaussian for Fe. Finally nugget-sill ratio is also calculated to understand the intensity of spatial correlation. The results indicated
moderate spatial dependence for pH and strong for Fe in this region.
Published In:IJCSN Journal Volume 6, Issue 5
Date of Publication : October2017
Pages : 533-538
Figures :08
Tables : 03
Jaishree Tailor : achieved her M.C.A. degree in 2004 and is
pursuing her Ph.D. in Geographical Information Systems from
UTU. She is currently working as an Assistant Professor at
Shrimad Rajchandra Institute of Management and Computer
Application affiliated to Uka Tarsadia University (UTU)-Bardoli
Gujarat. She has more than 13 years of experience in
management and computer science field. Her area of
specialization includes GIS and Open Source Technologies. She
has published 7 research papers.
Dr. Kalpesh Lad : is working as an Associate Professor at Shrimad
Rajchandra Institute of Management and Computer Application
affiliated to Uka Tarsadia University (UTU)-Bardoli Gujarat. . He is
a Ph.D. and has more than 15 years of experience in academics.
His area of interest includes programming languages, system
software, digital image processing, and data mining. Till now 2
candidates have completed Ph.D. under his guidance. He has
organized and attended many workshops and training
programmes. He has 35 plus research papers published to his
credit.
Dr. Ravi Gulati : is working as an Associate Professor at
Department of Computer Science at Veer Narmad South Gujarat
University (VNSGU) Surat, Gujarat. He has more than 25 years of
experience in academics. He is a PGDCA and achieved Ph.D. in
Computer Science. His area of interest includes Data Structures,
Client Server, and DBMS. He has guided many Ph.D. and M.Phil.
students.
Variogram, Empirical, Theoretical, Spherical, Exponential, Gaussian, Nugget, Sill, Range
From the nugget sill ratio it can be concluded that Bardoli,
Umarpada and Mandvi have moderate spatial dependence
for pH values of soil whereas there is a strong spatial
correlation between Fe values for these regions. The other
important point to be focused is the fitting of variogram
models as well as its parameters and curve. The process is
rather vague and arbitrary, which can adversely affect the
results of kriging and consequently mislead the prediction
process of spatial variables [15], [16]. Through this paper
the authors have highlighted the problems of vagueness in
fitting variogram parameters and model selection process
therefore this research can be further extended by
proposing alternative solutions towards resolving the
above mentioned issues and improve the prediction
accuracy [17], [18].
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