Home
Call For Papers
Submission
Author
Registration
Publications
About
Contact Us

  Leach-D Protocol for Efficient Communication in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks  
  Authors : Anouar Bouirden; Ahmed Aharoune; Ahmed Toumanari
  Cite as:

 

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is composed of several sensor nodes capable of communicating wirelessly to a centralized base station. These sensor nodes can be either static or dynamic based on the type of application in use. Data packets can be collected periodically or based on the occurrence of the monitored events, to which sensor nodes respond by transmitting the measured parameters to the base station for analysis purposes. The researchers in the field are currently focusing on finding a tradeoff balance between the energy consumption, packet delivery latency and the packet reception rate in an environment where sensors are statically deployed. However, the mobility issue has to be taken into account to overcome additional challenges that are mostly inherited by ad-hoc networks. In this paper, we put much emphasis on leach protocol categorized as a cluster-based routing protocol to improve its performance under the criteria of high mobility. The results prove the efficiency of the proposed leach-d protocol as it minimizes the overall energy consumption and packet delivery latency whilst it maintains a considerable packet reception rate.

 

Published In : IJCSN Journal Volume 8, Issue 4

Date of Publication : August 2019

Pages : 380-386

Figures :06

Tables : 01

 

Anouar Bouirden : LTM, Faculty of Science, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir Morocco.

Masese Bogomba Nelson : LTM, Faculty of Science, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir Morocco.

Ahmed Toumanari : LISTI, National School of Applied Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir Morocco.

 

Wireless Sensor Networks, Mobility, Leach-d protocol, Military Application

Many routing protocols have been conceived to resolve the mobility issue in mobile wireless sensor networks. The cluster-based routing protocols is considered as a subtype category of routing protocols which represents a basic design to develop routing protocols destined to overcome WSN challenges with the existence of the mobility constraint. In this paper, we presented an improved version of the Leach protocol to mitigate the effect of mobility on communication between sensor nodes based on an estimated round period for cluster formation. The three following metrics were considered: the packet delivery ratio, the end-to-end delay, and the energy consumption. The results showed that the proposed improved version gives good results compared with leach protocol in a dimension equals to 40×40×10 m. The overall performance proves that the proposed algorithm minimizes the overall energy consumption and packet delivery latency whilst it maintains a considerable packet reception rate. As future work, we will be focusing on conceiving a new synchronization schema to mitigate collisions between sensor nodes within the same cluster. The schema has to take into account the mobility constraint and propose a flexible synchronization time while maintaining optimal network performance.

 

[1] M. Winkler et al. "Wireless Sensor Networks for Military Purposes", Autonomous Sensor Networks, 365-394, 2012 [2] K. Akkaya, M. Younis, "A Survey on Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks", Computer Networks (Elsevier) Journal, 2004. [3] Maryam El Azhari, Ahmed Toumanari, Rachid Latif, Nadya El Moussaid. Round Estimation Period for cluster based routing in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks Order. International Journal of Advanced Intelligence Paradigms. . [4] D.K Dhanpal and A.Joseph.Self-organization routing protocol supporting mobile nodes for wireless sensor network.IMSCCS '06. First International Multi- Symposiums,pp. 622--626. [5] Dhanoop K Dhanpal and Ajit Joseph..Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Cluster Based WSN with Non Uniform Node Distribution.International Journal of Scientific Engineering Research. V(6),I(5),pp. 622-- 626. [6] [6] M. Akbar, A., Nadeem, J., Muhammad, I., Naeem, A., Majid, I. K., & Guizani, M. (2016). Sink mobility aware energy-efficient network integrated super heterogeneous protocol for WSNs. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2016, 66. [7] [7] K. Thanigaivelu, and K. Murugan, "Grid-based clustering with predefined path mobility for mobile sink data collection to extend network lifetime in wireless sensor networks," IETE Tech. Rev., Vol. 29, no 2, pp. 133-47, Mar-Apr. 2012. [8] Dhanoop K Dhanpal and Ajit Joseph..Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Cluster Based WSN with Non Uniform Node Distribution.International Journal of Scientific Engineering Research. V(6),I(5),pp. 622-- 626. [9] Renugadevi. G and Sumithra M.G.An Analysis on LEACH-Mobile Protocol for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks.International Journal of Computer Applications}.V(65),I(21),pp. 38--42. [10] Jin Wang; Xiaoqin Yang; Zhongqi Zhang; Liwu Zuo; Jeong-Uk Kim, "Energy Efficient Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks Supporting Mobile Sinks ", Advanced Science and Technology Letters Vol.49 (SoftTech 2014), pp.262-268. [11] Samer A. B. Awwad,Chee Kyun Ng, Nor K. Noordin, Mohd. Fadlee A. Rasid and A. R. H Alhawari. Mobility and Traffic Adapted Cluster Based Routing for Mobile Nodes (CBR-Mobile) Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks. Ad Hoc Networks: Second International Conference.V(49),pp. 281--296 [12] Muhammad Ali Khan, Arif Iqbal Umar, Babar Nazir, Noor ul Amin, Shaukat Mehmood and Kaleem Habib, "Energy Efficient Clustering Using Fixed Sink Mobility for Wireless Sensor Networks" International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications(ijacsa), 7(2), 2016. [13] Huan Zhao, Songtao Guo, Xiaojian Wang, Fei Wang, Energy-efficient topology control algorithm for maximizing network lifetime in wireless sensor networks with mobile sink, Applied Soft Computing, Volume 34, 2015, Pages 539-550, [14] F Tashtarian, M Hossein Yaghmaee Moghaddam, K Sohraby, S Effati, on maximizing the lifetime of wireless sensor networks in event-driven applications with mobile sinks. Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions.64.7 (2015), 3177-3189. [15] Majid Nabi, Marc Geilen, Twan Basten, and Milos Blagojevic. 2014. Efficient Cluster Mobility Support for TDMA-Based MAC Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks. ACM Trans. Sen. Netw. 10, 4, Article 65 (June 2014), 32 pages. [16] Liu, Xuxun, A Survey on Clustering Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks,Sensors,2012,http://www.mdpi.com/1424- 8220/12/8/11113.